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The deportation convoys of Jews from France from the Loiret region

The will of the Nazi dignitaries was to suppress the Jews. At first, Jews were deprived of certain rights, then of their work. Having become “useless”, they were interned, then from January 20, 1942, the Wannsee Conference, exterminated en masse in extermination camps in eastern Germany and especially in Poland.

This scenario took place in Germany, then in the conquered countries.

In France, the Vichy government followed suit.

The main dates are :

1

October 3, 1940

Establishment of a status for Jews

2

May 14, 1941

Raid on the "green bill" of 3600 foreign Jewish men in Paris and its suburbs, and internment in 2 camps in the Loiret: Pithiviers and Beaune-la-Rolande.

3

Rafles in Paris in the second half of 1941

August 22, 1941

Large round-up of men from 18 to 50 years old: 4230 interned in Drancy including 1500 French.

December 12, 1941

Large round-up of "notables", French Jews: 743 interned in Compiègne

4

January 20, 1942

Implementation of arrangements following the Wannsee conference

5

March 27, 1942

Convoy 1: 1st convoy from Compiègne to Auschwitz

6

June 22nd, 1942

Agreement between the Nazi services in France and the chiefs of police on the modalities of deportation

7

Green ticket

The following 3 convoys mainly deported the Jews interned in May 1941 ("Billet vert")

8

June 25, 1942

Convoy 4 : 1st convoy leaving from Loiret : Pithiviers - Auschwitz

  • 1000 deportees, 80 survivors

9

June 28, 1942

Convoy 5 : Beaune la Rolande - Auschwitz

  • 1038 deportees, 87 survivors

10

July 12-13, 1942

Major arrests in the regions of Dijon and Orleans (250 Jews), including about a hundred women and children, transferred to Pithiviers in order to complete convoy 6.

11

July 17, 1942

Convoy 6 : Pithiviers - Auschwitz

  • 928 deportees, 99 survivors

12

July 16-17, 1942

Winter Vel' d'Hiv raid
  • Arrest by the French police of 13,152 Jews in a list of 25,000 names, by entire families or women and children of those arrested in May 1941 and interned in the Loiret.
  • Direct internment in Drancy for childless couples and singles
      4992 Jews divided into 1989 men and 3003 women
  • Gathering at the Vél' d'Hiv then internment of families with children in the empty Loiret camps after the departure of convoy 6 :
      8160 Jews interned at Vél' d'Hiv (1129 men, 2916 women, 4115 children)
  • Gathering at the Vél' d'Hiv then internment of families with children in the empty Loiret camps after the departure of convoy 6 :
      8160 Jews interned at Vél' d'Hiv (1129 men, 2916 women, 4115 children)

13

Convoys 7 to 12

deportations from Drancy of the rest of the internees from the August 1941 round-up and the beginning of the Vél' d'Hiv round-up.

  • except for the convoy 8 leaving from Angers.

14

The 4 following convoys

The 4 following convoys leave from Loiret with the families with children transferred from Vel d'Hiv. Many families are dismantled and spread over several convoys. The children below

15

July 31, 1942

Convoy 13 : Pithiviers - Auschwitz

  • 1052 deportees 21 survivors

16

August 3, 1942

Convoy 14 : Pithiviers - Auschwitz

  • 1034 deportees 5 survivors

17

August 7, 1942

Convoy 16 : Beaune la Rolande - Auschwitz

  • 1069 deportees 6 survivors

18

August 5, 1642

Convoy 15 : Pithiviers - Auschwitz

  • 1014 deportees 10 survivors

19

August 17-19, 1942

Single children, many of them young, still in the Loiret region, are repatriated to Drancy and then mixed with adults in convoys 20 to 26.

20

September 1942

In September, at the Pithiviers camp, the vast majority of internees were French Jews, theoretically "non-deportable". They were arrested for breaches of restrictive laws. The Germans demanded convoys of 1,000 Jews at a high rate. 1,000 of these internees were to be deported by convoy 35 and the rest by convoy 36 from Drancy.

21

September 21, 1942

Convoy 35: Pithiviers - Auschwitz with stop at Cosel, Silesia where 200 deportees will be selected for work

    1,000 deportees 37 survivors 37 survivors

22

September 1942

Transfer to Drancy of the remaining internees (464 Jews) in the Loiret region.

23

October 1943

Closing of the camps

 

A total of 8135 Jews were deported from the Loiret camps and only 331 survived.